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Beginning with the 1973 Chilean coup d'etat an armed resistance movement against the military dictatorship developed until 1990 when democracy was restored. The main armed resistance groups of the period were the Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR) and Frente Patriótico Manuel Rodríguez (FPMR), the armed wing of the Communist Party of Chile. These groups had a long-standing rivalry. Key events during the armed resistance were the attempt to set up a guerrilla in Neltume in 1980–81, the Carrizal Bajo arm smuggling operation in 1986 and the attempted killing of Pinochet the same year. After the return to democracy was initiated in 1990 the bulk of the armed groups demobilized. Splinter groups that redefined targets after the dictatorship fell continued to carry out isolated attacks, kidnappings and robberies until the early 2000s. ==Pre-dictatorship violence== The Revolutionary Left Movement (MIR) were benefited under an amnesty under Allende and was allowed to operate openly, encouraging and carrying out illegal expropriations of farms and businesses, and assaulting rightist members of the public and security forces. According to police figures submitted to the Chilean senate, 1,458 farms were occupied illegally between November 1970.〔The Overthrow of Allende and the Politics of Chile, 1964-1976, Paul E. Sigmund, p. 139, University of Pittsburgh, 1977〕 In November 1970, Antonia Maechel, owner of the La Tregua estate in the Panguipulli area, took her own life after being raped by leftist militants that had seized her property. On 6 February 1970, carabineer Luis Merino Ferreira was killed in a clash with guerrillas. On 11 August 1970, MIR guerrillas killed carabineer corporal Luis Fuentes Pineda. On 21 September 1970, guerrillas shot and killed a carabineer corporal, Armando Cofré López, during a bank robbery in the suburb of Irarrázabal in Santiago. In April 1971, Juan Millalonco, a member of Christian Democratic Youth, was shot dead in Aysén by socialist militants, and VOP guerrillas in Santiago killed Raúl Méndez at his sweet shop. That same month in the expropriation of land on the part of leftist militants and guerrillas, Rolando Matus is shot dead resisting the takeover of the Carén farm in Pucón, and Jorge Baraona and Domitila Palma died resisting the takeover of their farms in southern Chile. On 25 May 1971, Corporal José Arnaldo Gutiérrez Urrutia was killed by guerrillas of the Organized Vanguard of the People (VOP).〔La Verdad Olvidada Del Terrorismo en Chile, 1968-1996, Arturo Castillo Vicencio, p. 67, Editorial Maye Ltda., 2007〕 In June 1971, VOP guerrillas killed Edmundo Perez Zujovic, a Christian Democrat and former interior minister. That same month, a guerrilla (Heriberto Salazar) of the VOP walked into a police station with a sub-machinegun and kills or fatally wounds three policemen (Gerardo Romero Infante, Heriberto Mario Marín and Carlos Pérz Bretti) before blowing himself up with dynamite.〔(Chilean kills 2 Officers, Himself ), The Milwaukee Journal - Jun 17, 1971〕 That same month carabineer corporal Jorge Cartes is killed by MIR guerrillas in the city of Concepción. On 30 August 1972, carabineer corporal Exequiel Aroca Cuevas was killed in the city of Concepción, when socialist militants open fire on the bus he was travelling. On 27 February 1973, MIR guerrillas attacked the Llanquihue police station, shooting and wounding 10 carabineers. In March 1973, Germán González and Sergio Vergara, both members of the Christian Democrat Party were killed while resisting the takeover of the La Reina estate. On 2 April 1973, MIR guerrillas shot and killed a policeman, Gabriel Rodríguez Alcaíno. In May 1973, Mario Aguilar, a member of the Movimiento Patria y Libertad is gunned down by leftists in downtown Santiago. In June 1973, a farmer and member of the Christian Democrat Party, Jorge Mena, is clubbed to death in Osorno. In July 1973, a farmer, Juan Luis Urrutia, dies resisting the takeover of his estate in Bulnes. And MIR guerrillas kill Manuel Garrido, an employee of Paños Continental. On 29 August 1973, a Mexican militant (Jorge Albino Sosa Gil) working in Chile, shoots and kills Second Lieutenant Héctor Lacrampette Calderón as the young army officer was waiting for a bus in the suburb of Providencia in Santiago. 〔La Verdad Olvidada Del Terrorismo en Chile, 1968-1996, Arturo Castillo Vicencio, p. 82, Editorial Maye Ltda., 2007〕 That same month Sergio Aliaga, while driving through a confrontation between striking truckers and leftist militants, was killed after being shot in the throat. And two farmers, José Toribio Núñez and Celsa Fuentes died of horrific burns after being caught in the bomb blast targeting the pipeline between Santiago and Concepción. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Armed resistance in Chile (1973–90)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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